Ear mites

Are small parasites (called Otodectes cyanotis) that can infest the ear canals of both dogs and cats, causing severe itching which leads to self-trauma. In most cases, this is due to an allergic reaction to the mites. Affected ears usually have brown or black, crusty debris in the ear canals. Sometimes the skin around the ears is crusty, red and scaly.

How are the mites transmitted?

Ear mites are extremely contagious. They can be passed from the mother animal to her offspring. Additionally, the mites are easily spread to other pets within the household including cats, dogs, rabbits, hamsters, gerbils, mice, ferrets, etc. The mites do not infest humans, but can bite us.

Symptoms and Treatments

A diagnosis is usually made by examination of the ear discharge under a microscope. Sometimes during an ear exam with an otoscope, the parasite can be seen moving around in the ear canal. Treatment of an ear mite infestation involves applying medication either into the ear canals or administration of medication by injection. All infested animals and in-contact animals need to be treated. A thorough cleanup of the pet's environment is also needed. For example, wash pet beds or blankets in hot, soapy water. It is important to discuss the most up-to-date treatment options with your veterinarian rather than relying on over-the-counter remedies. A follow-up examination will be booked with your veterinary health care team to make sure that the treatment has completely cleared the parasites. Ear products without an insecticide will not kill the mites.Ivermectin, fipronil (Frontline), and selamectin (Revolution) have also been used by some veterinarians. Milbemycin (Milbemite) and Acarexx, a form of ivermectin are approved for the treatment of ear mites in cats. Depending upon the medication used, the ears may need to be treated two to four weeks until all mites are killed.

Ear mites are not considered to be a zoonotic disease (disease which can be transmitted from animals to humans).